Stories · 1883

The Retired Slave

Отставной раб

Headnote

1 The Retired Slave (Отставной раб) appeared in 1883, signed “A. Chekhonte,” one of a great many brief sketches Chekhov placed in the humor press that year while training as a physician. Its title is a small irony in itself: the “slave” of the piece is not a serf in fact but a former household servant, Nikifor Filimonych, still bound – years after whatever formal bondage he once had is gone – to the memory of the master he served and to a way of talking about that service which has curdled into something between nostalgia and self-invention.

The story is built almost entirely out of a single evening ritual: an old man’s nightly monologue in a cheap beer hall, addressed to a sixteen-year-old barmaid who listens as if to scripture. Nikifor Filimonych’s tales of his late master, the dissolute Prince Svintsov – the landscapes, the mistresses, the ruinous wines, the moonlit troika rides – amount to a whole vanished world of gentry excess, recycled nightly for an audience of one, and told in the deferential, faintly obsequious cadences of a man who has spent his life speaking of somebody else’s grandeur rather than his own. Whether any of it happened as he tells it is beside the point; the telling is the man.

Chekhov’s characteristic reticence governs the ending. Tanya disappears without explanation after Nikifor Filimonych falls ill; when he finds her again, transformed, on a Moscow street a year and a half later, the narrator supplies no verdict on what has become of her and no commentary on what the old man understands or fails to understand about it. His tenderness, his one whispered blessing, and his quiet private laugh are left to carry all of it – the story ends exactly where an explanation might have begun.

“Our little river wound like a snake, all zigzags... It ran across the field in bends, in curlicues like that, as if it were broken... When you’d climb the hill, back in the day, and look down, you could see the whole thing, like it was sitting in the palm of your hand. By day it’s like a mirror, and by night it gleams like mercury. Along the bank stands the reed grass, peering into the water... A beauty! Reeds here, willow scrub there, and over there the pussy-willows...”
– Наша речка извивалась змейкой, словно зигзага... Бежала она по полю изгибами, вертикулясами этакими, как поломанная... Когда, бывало, на гору взлезешь и вниз посмотришь, то всю ее, как на ладонке, видать. Днем она как зеркало, а ночью ртутью отливает. По бережку камыш стоит и в воду поглядывает... Красота! Тут камыш, там ивнячок, а там вербы...
So Nikifor Filimonych held forth, sitting at a little table in the beer hall, gulping his beer. He spoke with feeling, with fire... His wrinkled, shaven face and his brown neck would twitch and convulse every time he underscored some especially poetic spot in his story. Listening to him was the pretty sixteen-year-old barmaid, Tanya. Leaning her chest on the counter and propping her head on her fists, she caught up every word in rapture, marveling, turning pale, not blinking her eyes.
Так расписывал Никифор Филимоныч, сидя в портерной за столиком и глотая пиво. Говорил он с увлечением, с жаром... Его морщинистое бритое лицо и коричневая шея вздрагивали и подергивались судорогой всякий раз, когда он подчеркивал в своем рассказе какое-либо особенно поэтическое место. Слушала его хорошенькая шестнадцатилетняя сиделица, Таня. Лежа грудью на прилавке и подперев голову кулаками, она, изумляясь, бледнея и не мигая глазами, восторженно ловила каждое слово.
Nikifor Filimonych came to the beer hall every evening and talked with Tanya. He loved her for her orphanhood and her quiet gentleness, which was spread over her whole pale, sharp-eyed face. And whoever he loved, to that person he gave up all the secrets of his past. He generally began his talks from the very beginning – with a description of nature. From nature he would move on to hunting, and from hunting – to the person of his late master, Prince Svintsov.
Никифор Филимоныч каждый вечер бывал в портерной и беседовал с Таней. Любил он ее за сиротство и тихую ласковость, которою залито было всё ее бледное востроглазое лицо. А кого он любил, тому отдавал все тайны своего прошлого. Начинал он беседы обыкновенно с самого начала – с описания природы. С природы переходил он на охоту, с охоты – на личность покойного барина, князя Свинцова.
“A famous man he was!” he would tell her about the prince. “Famous not so much for his wealth and the breadth of his lands as for his character. He was a Don Juan, ma’am.”
– Знаменитый был человек! – рассказывал он про князя. – Славен он был не столько богатством и широтою земель, сколько характером. Он был Дон-Жуан-с.
“And what does Don Juan mean?”
– А что значит Дон-Жуан?
“It means he was a great Don Juan after the female sex. Loved your kind, he did. Blew his whole fortune on women. Yes, ma’am... And when we lived in Moscow, almost the whole top floor of the grand hotel ran on our money. In Petersburg we had great connections with Baroness von Tussikh and had ourselves a little one. That same baroness lost her whole fortune at faro in a single night and wanted to lay hands on herself, and the prince wouldn’t let her end her life. Pretty she was, so young... Carried on with him for a year and died... And how the women loved him, Tanechka! How they loved him! Couldn’t live without him!”
– Это обозначает, что он до женского пола большой Дон-Жуан был. Любил вашего брата. Всё свое состояние на женский пол провалил. Да-с... А когда мы в Москве жили, у нас в грандателе почти весь верхний этаж на наши средства существовал. В Петербурге мы с баронессой фон Туссих большие связи имели и дитятю прижили. Баронесса эта самая в одну ночь всё свое состояние в штосс проиграла и руки на себя наложить хотела, а князь не дал ей жизнь прикончить. Красивая была, молодая такая... Год с ним попуталась и померла... А как женщины любили его, Танечка! Как любили! Жить без него не могли!
“Was he handsome?”
– Он был красив?
“What do you mean... He was old, plain-looking... Why, you too, Tanechka, would’ve pleased him... He loved them slight like that, pale like that... Now don’t be embarrassed. What’s there to be embarrassed about? I haven’t lied since the world began, and I’m not lying now, ma’am...”
– Какой... Старый был, некрасивый... Вот и вы бы, Танечка, ему понравились... Он любил таких худеньких, бледненьких... Вы не конфузьтесь. Чего конфузиться? Не врал я во веки веков и теперь не вру-с...
Then Nikifor Filimonych would set about describing carriages, horses, finery... In all of that he knew his business. Then he’d start listing wines.
Потом Никифор Филимоныч принимался за описание экипажей, лошадей, нарядов... Во всем этом он знал толк. Потом начинал перечислять вина.
“And there are wines that cost a quarter-note a bottle. You drink a little glass, and it happens in your stomach as if you’d died of joy.”
– А есть такие вина, что четвертную за бутылку стоит. Выпьешь ты рюмку, а у тебя в животе делается, словно ты от радости помер.
What Tanya liked best of all was the description of the quiet moonlit nights... In summer a noisy revel in the greenery, among the flowers, and in winter – in a sleigh with a warm lap-robe, a sleigh flying like lightning.
Тане более всего нравилось описание тихих лунных ночей... Летом шумная оргия в зелени, среди цветов, а зимой – в санях с теплой полостью, в санях, которые летят как молния.
“The sleigh flies, ma’am, and it seems to you the moon is running along. Wonderful, ma’am!”
– Летят санки-с, а вам кажется, что луна бежит... Чудно-с!
For a long time Nikifor Filimonych would go on telling his tales in this manner. He would finish up when the boy put out the lantern over the door and carried the door sign in for the night.
Долго рассказывал таким образом Никифор Филимоныч. Оканчивал он, когда мальчишка тушил над дверью фонарь и вносил в портерную дверную вывеску.
One winter evening Nikifor Filimonych lay drunk under a fence and caught cold. He was carried off to the hospital. Discharged a month later, he no longer found his listener at the beer hall. She had vanished.
В один зимний вечер Никифор Филимоныч лежал пьяный под забором и простудился. Его свезли в больницу. Выписавшись через месяц из больницы, он уже не нашел в портерной своей слушательницы. Она исчезла.
A year and a half later Nikifor Filimonych was walking along Tverskaya in Moscow, selling a worn summer coat. He met his favorite, Tanya. Powdered, dressed to the nines, in a hat with its brim turned up rakishly, she was walking arm in arm with some gentleman in a top hat and laughing loudly at something... The old man looked at her, recognized her, followed her with his eyes, and slowly took off his cap. Tenderness passed over his face, and a little tear glittered in his eyes.
Через полтора года шел Никифор Филимоныч в Москве по Тверской и продавал поношенное летнее пальто. Ему встретилась его любимица, Таня. Она, набеленная, расфранченная, в шляпе с отчаянно загнутыми полями, шла под руку с каким-то господином в цилиндре и чему-то громко хохотала... Старик поглядел на нее, узнал, проводил глазами и медленно снял шапку. По его лицу пробежало умиление, на глазах сверкнула слезинка.
“Well, God grant her...” he whispered. “She’s a good girl.”
– Ну, дай бог ей... – прошептал он. – Она хорошая.
And putting his cap back on, he laughed quietly to himself.
И, надевши шапку, он тихо засмеялся.

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The Retired Slave

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