Letter · 1892

To Ye. P. Yegorov, 6 February 1892. Voronezh.

Е. П. ЕГОРОВУ, 6 февраля 1892 г. Воронеж.

Headnote

dateline (given twice, in full and in reversed abbreviated form), a long report on famine relief and the horse-loan scheme in Voronezh province, a second paragraph on Voronezh’s relief work generally, a note on Sofya Davydova, a note on a forthcoming newspaper letter, closing greetings, and the signature. Dated 6 February 1892, from Voronezh.

The third letter in the famine-relief correspondence with Yevgraf Petrovich Yegorov, following (26 January) and (29 January); a later, distinct letter to the same addressee follows on 25 February. Writing now from Voronezh rather than Nizhny Novgorod, Chekhov describes Governor Kurovsky’s horse-relief scheme – horses bought up and issued on credit to peasants left without draft animals, who work off the cost hauling grain over the following season – explicitly modeled on a method of Yegorov’s own. He contrasts Voronezh’s more thorough famine relief (bread, portable stoves, coal, workshops, soup kitchens, a benefit theater performance) with what he saw in Nizhny Novgorod, praises Kurovsky and compares him to Baranov (the Nizhny Novgorod governor), reports that he gave Yegorov’s address to Sofya Alexandrovna Davydova as a capable contact, and notes that his own account of the two provinces’ famine relief will appear in "Russkiye Vedomosti."

6 February 1892. Voronezh.
6 февраля 1892 г. Воронеж.
Voronezh. 6 February.
Воронеж. 6 февраля.
Dearest Yevgraf Petrovich, I am writing this to you from Voronezh province. The same thing happened here as in Nizhny, that is, the governor invited me to dinner, and I had to talk and hear a great deal about the famine. The horse business is arranged here as follows. Governor Kurovsky buys up horses wherever he can, by your method, and has already bought up some 400 head. The price is the Nizhny Novgorod one. If one orders from the Don region, each horse, without feed, comes to 50–60 rubles. Kurovsky does not keep the horses himself but hands them out to the peasants immediately after the purchase. He sends for men without horses from the hungry districts and tells them: "Here is a horse for you. You will haul grain." The horseless man hauls, and in this way earns money for himself and for the horse. In spring they will tell him: "You have earned so much. The horse cost so much to buy. So you still owe so much (or else you have so much still coming to you)." In short, the horse is given out as a loan, and the loan is being paid off little by little now.
Добрейший Евграф Петрович, пишу Вам это из Воронежской губ. Произошло то же самое, что и в Нижнем, т. е. губернатор пригласил меня обедать, и мне пришлось много говорить и слышать о голоде. Лошадиное дело поставлено здесь так. Губерн Куровский скупает лошадей, где только возможно, по Вашему способу, и скупил их уже около 400 голов. Цена нижегородская. Если выписать из Донской обл, то каждая лошадь без кормежки обойдется в 50–60 рублей. Куровский лошадей при себе не держит, а раздает их мужикам тотчас же после покупки. Он выписывает из голодных уездов безлошадников и говорит им: "Вот тебе лошадь. Ты будешь возить хлеб". Безлошадник возит и таким образом зарабатывает на себя и на лошадь. Весною ему скажут: "Заработал ты столько-то. Лошадь стоила в покупке столько-то. Значит, за тобою осталось еще столько-то (или же имеешь дополучить столько-то)". Одним словом, лошадь дается в ссуду, и ссуда выплачивается мало-помалу теперь.
Voronezh is seething with activity. The famine-relief work is organized here far more thoroughly than in Nizhny Novgorod province. They are handing out not only bread but even portable stoves and coal. Workshops have been set up, and many soup kitchens. Yesterday there was a performance at the theater for the benefit of the starving – a full house. Kurovsky is an intelligent and sincere man; he works as hard as Baranov. He is a civilian, which is a great convenience for a governor: he feels freer. But we’ll talk about that when we meet.
Воронеж кипит. Голодное дело поставлено здесь гораздо основа тельнее, чем в Нижегородск губ. Выдают не только хлеб, но даже переносные печи и каменный уголь. Устроены мастерские, много столовых. Вчера в театре был спектакль в пользу голодающих – сбор полный. Куровский интеллигентный и искренний человек; работает так же много, как Баранов. Он штатский, а для губернатора это большое удобство: он чувствует себя свободнее. Впрочем, об этом поговорим при свидании.
I saw Sofya Alexandrovna Davydova and gave her your address. She is a businesslike, kind, and modest lady. She can do a great deal.
Видел я Софью Александровну Давыдову и дал ей Ваш адрес. Дама деловая, добрая и скромная. Она многое может сделать.
My letter about the Nizhny Novgorod and Voronezh provinces will be published in "Russkiye Vedomosti."
Мое письмо о Нижегородской и Воронежской губерниях будет напечатано в "Русских ведомостях".
Greetings to your family. Keep well. Write to me. I shall be in Moscow around the 10th–12th.
Поклон Вашим. Будьте здоровы. Пишите. В Москве я буду около 10–12.
Yours, A. Chekhov.

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To Ye. P. Yegorov, 6 February 1892. Voronezh.

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