To Al. P. Chekhov, 4 January 1886. Moscow.
Ал. П. Чехову, 4 января 1886 г. Москва.
Headnote
1 Written from Moscow on January 4, 1886, this New Year’s letter to Chekhov’s elder brother Alexander mixes affectionate mock-abuse with pointed literary advice. Chekhov had just returned from his first trip to Petersburg, where he stayed with the publisher Nikolai Leikin and was warmly received by figures such as Alexei Suvorin, Dmitry Grigorovich, and Viktor Burenin – an experience that visibly shook his sense of his own craft. He urges Alexander, also a working writer, to abandon his stock theme of persecuted petty officials as stale and unconvincing, to resist editors who mangle his prose by doing the cutting himself, and to stop using real acquaintances’ names in his fiction. He also reports family news: their father’s lamp-buying mania, his own unmarried and financially strained state, and a closing line about their brothers Nikolai and Ivan and their sister Maria.
2 The letter is a key early document of Chekhov’s emerging professional self-awareness – the moment he begins consciously distinguishing serious craft from the comic sketches that had made his early reputation, partly under the influence of his reception among the Petersburg literary establishment. Its blend of crude fraternal teasing, practical trade advice, and real tenderness ("I often think of you and rejoice when I realize you exist") is characteristic of the brothers’ correspondence.